Many have heard of the seven old and new wonders of the world. They affect millions of people. 7 wonders of the world what is it? The original, located between the Mediterranean and the Middle East, the miracles were the works of the ancient world. Unique statues, monuments, buildings surprised with technical and artistic perfection. It took a lot of effort to implement them. With the exception of the Great Pyramid of Giza, these marvels no longer exist, having been destroyed by earthquakes, fires, and in one case by an angry mob.
7 wonders of the world old
Of the wonders of the ancient world, little remains but ruins. They amazed with their beauty and the secrets that they hid in themselves.
Egyptian pyramids
They are located 8 km from the capital of Egypt, Cairo, on the west bank of the Nile in the desert, are the most impressive. Named after the ruler of Cheops.
Additional Information! The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest of the seven wonders of the world and the only one still in existence. The pyramid rises to a height of 138 meters, although at the time of construction it reached a height of 148 meters, with an area of more than 5 hectares.
At the base of the pyramids, stone cubes were used, which reach a person approximately to the chest.
Near the largest pyramid there are three small ones. The origin of the pyramids is associated with the period 3000 BC. They once buried and embalmed the bodies of monarchs and Cheops.
mausoleum in Halicarnassus
The mausoleum on the territory of modern Turkey was built in the 4th century BC by King Mausolus II, as a symbol of his power. The tomb was up to 42 meters high, and the dimensions of the base were 38 meters by 32 meters.
On the pedestal was a huge columned hall topped with a statue of a horse-drawn carriage. Due to an earthquake in 1304 AD, only the ruins of the tomb remained. The building, due to its architectural value, has become an artistic masterpiece.
The Colossus of Rhodes
A huge bronze statue of the sun god Helium was probably located in the port of Rhodes in Greece in the 3rd century BC. After a long siege of the Greek city, the inhabitants wanted to thank the sun god Helios and built a bronze statue 30 meters high in his honor. It took 12 years to build the huge structure. With a height of 37 meters (which is twenty times the height of a person), it could be seen from afar. According to legend, the giant stood in the port of Rhodes and protected the city from enemies.
During an earthquake in 226 BC, the Colossus was destroyed to the shins. In the II century BC, after the conquest of Rhodes by the Arabs, the last remnants of the statue disappeared from the city. Since then, there has been no trace of the incredible wonder of the world. Recovery attempts have failed.
Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
On the territory of modern Turkey (estimated date of creation 550 BC) stood the ancient Temple of Artemis, built in honor of the Olympian goddess of the hunt. Due to its huge size and richness of decorations, it was considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. but only minimal remains survive today. Impressive in its size: the area was more than 8000 square meters, 127 columns 18 meters high and a huge stone roof 112 meters long and 52 meters wide, made in the Ionic style.
Inside the temple stood a statue of the goddess Artemis, adorned with precious stones and precious metals. .From the greatest of the seven wonders of the ancient world, today only the foundations and a lone column, consisting of old remains, do not recall the splendor of the past,
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Considered one of the seven ancient wonders of the world, they were built in the 6th century BC by King Nebuchadnezzar II in honor of his wife Amytis. The city of Babylon was founded around 2300 BC, near the Euphrates River, south of the modern city of Baghdad in Iraq. It is believed that the Hanging Gardens were a tall building built of stone, which somewhat resembled a mountain, possibly consisting of several terraces.
Each terrace had enough land to grow plants and numerous trees.
Interesting! To support the life of exotic plants in the desert, a huge amount of water was required. There was an elaborate irrigation system. This is the only ancient miracle, the location of which has not yet been found.
Statue of Zeus from Olympia
The ivory and gold statue of Zeus at Olympia located in the Sanctuary of Olympia in the Greek Peloponnese has stood for over 800 years. The Temple of Zeus was a rectangular building. It had 13 columns on each of its long sides, and six columns on its short sides. These columns, made from local limestone and covered with white plaster, supported a white marble roof.
The interior of the Temple of Zeus was simple, yet the statue of Zeus was so spectacular that it was considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world.
Lighthouse on Pharos island in Alexandria
In 279 BC, after 20 years of work, a lighthouse was built in Alexandria, which was immediately declared one of the wonders of the world. The lighthouse was named after the island of Pharos on which it stood. The island lay opposite the port of Alexandria, connected to the mainland by a causeway. It was one of the first large lighthouses that lasted over a thousand years and withstood several earthquakes.
With a height of 122 meters, ships at sea could see it from a distance of many kilometers. In 796, the lighthouse was badly damaged by an earthquake, and later a fortress was built from its remains.
What are the 7 wonders of the world now?
The New Seven Wonders of the World were nominated following a vote organized by the New Seven Wonders of the World Foundation, the results of which were made public on July 7, 2007 in Lisbon. Since 2007, there are officially seven new wonders of the world.
7 modern wonders of the world, list:
- The great Wall of China;
- the city of Petra;
- statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio;
- Colosseum in Rome;
- Taj Mahal.
- the pyramids of Chichen Itza;
- the Inca city of Machu Picchu;
the great Wall of China
The main symbol of China – the Great Wall of China stretches throughout northern China. The unique structure is one of the seven wonders of the modern world. For China, the wall was not only protection, but also isolation. Limestone, granite and fired bricks can be found on various parts of the wall. Cement was not used here at all. Instead, during construction, the stones were joined together by a sticky rice structure, thanks to which the wall stands to this day.
Today, the Great Wall of China is nearly 8,851 km long, winding through rugged terrain along mountain ranges. It starts in the east at Shanghai Kuan and continues west to the edge of the Gobi Desert. In addition to the main route, it also has several branches. There are many obstacles along the way, such as mountains and rivers. Only certain sections remain accessible to tourists.
The width of the wall in some places reaches 8 meters, and the height varies from 6 to 10 meters. Such diverse options are ideal for interior wall applications. Towers, 25,000 in total, along the entire length of the wall. They serve as observation and signal stations. Inside connecting corridors and storage rooms. Now the Great Wall of China is one of the most visited structures in the world.
Rock city of Petra in Jordan
The city, carved into the pink sandstone rocks, which was named Petra, is the main attraction of Jordan.
It is located in the south of the country, about 40 km northwest of Ma’an. Founded in the 3rd century BC, when the desert tribe of the Nabataeans settled here at the confluence of three valleys. It was in the harsh conditions of the rocky valleys that they began to build the capital of their kingdom: rock temples, palaces, public buildings, an amphitheater, stone houses and tombs – all carved in sandstone. The Nabatean tribe even built a complex sewer system here, through which rainwater entered the city.
An earthquake in the middle of the 4th century, which destroyed many public buildings, contributed to the slow extinction of the city. Many buildings in Petra survived despite the devastating earthquakes of the 4th and 6th centuries. However, the second devastating earthquake in the 6th century, after which its last inhabitants left the city, put an end to life in Petra.
A unique collection of buildings carved into the rock is like another fascinating world. Today, visitors can walk across the dry riverbed to the various buildings and admire the unique rock-cut architecture.
Statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio
Erected on top of Corcovado Mountain, overlooking the bay of Rio de Janeiro, the Christ the Redeemer Monument is a colossal statue of Christ with outstretched arms, towering at a height of 710 m. The monument was erected in honor of the bicentenary of Brazilian independence. The statue was created jointly by Brazilian architect Heitor da Silva Costa and French sculptor Paul Landowski, who designed it in France. It was delivered in parts to Brazil. The opening took place on October 12, 1931.
Built on a circular base and oriented to the east, it is almost 38 meters high and weighs 1145 tons. The Christ the Redeemer statue is listed as a Historic Monument and has been one of the New Seven Wonders of the World since 2007. Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro is the most visited monument in the city.
Colosseum in Rome
In the center of Rome is the world-famous Colosseum, one of the most visited attractions in the world. The largest building of Roman antiquity, where gladiators entered the arena in front of people. In the period from 70 to 80 AD, the amphitheater, almost 50 meters high, could accommodate up to 75,000 spectators.
Almost 2000 years after its construction, the ruins of the former amphitheater remained. Fires and earthquakes damaged the building over time.
Taj Mahal
It is the most symbolic monument of India. The huge funerary mausoleum of chiseled white marble, built between 1631 and 1648 in Agra, was once built by Emperor Shah Jahan. The giant tomb was built in memory of Mumtaz Mahal’s second wife, who died giving birth to her fourteenth child.
The tomb, with chic interior decoration and stunning beauty of the park. Here he mourned her death, and the white building is still a symbol of love.
Pyramids of Chichen Itza
The Yucatan Peninsula is known for its sumptuous temples and other Mayan ruins. There are a lot of them and you can find them everywhere. The most famous Mayan pyramids in Mexico in the Yucatan attract thousands of visitors every day. The country is the birthplace of the ancient Mayan culture. The Mayan city of Chichen Itza, known throughout the world for its huge pyramid of Kukulkan. The temple is 25 meters high with 365 steps.
In fact, this is not one pyramid, but a structure that includes other pyramids. The 10-meter high pyramid is located inside the second pyramid, 20 meters high, which, in turn, is located in the outer 30-meter pyramid. Chichen Itza – the great Mayan city was one of the largest trading centers, and now it can be seen in the jungle.
Inca City of Machu Picchu
The city in the clouds, created by the Incas in the Andes around 1440, is now a very popular tourist destination in Peru. It is the third largest archaeological site in the world. The lost city of the Incas, built on a rocky spur at an altitude of about 2430 meters above sea level.
The ancient city of the Incas is divided into two parts by steep paths and ravines. Areas intended for agriculture and urban areas. Most of the buildings in the city are blue and white due to the use of granite and quartzite, two extremely durable and very difficult materials to work with.